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The Gothic alphabet was created in the 4th century by Ulfilas (or Wulfila), a bishop, for the purpose of translating the Bible.  The Greek alphabet  0391–03C9 served as a model. The Gothic alphabet also adopted some letters from  Latin  0041–007A . Earlier the Goths had used Runic alphabet that's why some letters are named after runes.

The Gothic alphabet had been used till VI century. It should not be confused with Gothic minuscule or Blackletter used throughout Western Europe from approximately 1150 until the 17th century.