Manichaean script is an abjad-based writing system rooted in the Semitic family of alphabets and associated with the spread of Manichaean religion from southwest to central Asia and beyond, beginning in the 3rd century CE. It bears a sibling relationship to early forms of the Pahlavi script, both systems having developed from the Imperial Aramaic alphabet, in which the Achaemenid court rendered its particular, official dialect of the Aramaic language. Unlike Pahlavi, Manichaean script reveals influences from Sogdian script, which in turn descends from the branch of Aramaic. Manichaean script is so named because Manichaean texts attribute its design to Mani himself.
Older Manichaean texts appear in a script and language that is still identifiable as Syriac-Aramaic and these compositions are then classified as Syriac/Aramaic texts. Later texts using Manichaean script are attested in the literature of three Middle Iranian language ethnolects: the dialect of Sogdiana in the east, which had a large Manichean population. the dialect of Parthia in the northeast, which is indistinguishable from Medean of the northwest. the dialect of Parsa (Persia proper) in southwest Iran, formerly and properly known as Parsi.
The Manichaean system does not have a high incidence of Semitic language logograms and ideograms inherited from chancellery Imperial Aramaic that are an essential characteristic of the Pahlavi system. Besides that, Manichaean spelling was less conservative or historical and corresponded closer to contemporary pronunciation: e.g. a word such as ฤzฤd โnoble, freeโ was written สผฤสผt in Pahlavi, but สผสผzสผd in Manichaean Middle Persian of the same period.
Manichaean script was not the only script used to render Manichaean manuscripts. When writing in Sogdian, which was frequently the case, Manichaean scribes frequently used Sogdian script (โUighur scriptโ). Likewise, outside Manichaeism, the dialect of Parsa (Persia proper) was also recorded in other systems, including Pahlavi script (in which case it is known as Pahlavi) and Avestan script (in which case it is known as Pazend).
In the 19th century, German expeditions discovered a number of Manichaean manuscripts at Bulayiq on the Silk Road, near Turpan in north-west China. Many of these manuscripts are today preserved in Berlin.
์์ฑ
๋ฒ์ | 10AC0–10AFF |
๋ฌธ์๋ค | 64 |
๋ฌธ์ ๋ชฉ๋ก
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ํธ์ง
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10AC0๐ซ
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10AC1๐ซ
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10AC2๐ซ
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10AC3๐ซ
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10AC4๐ซ
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10AC5๐ซ
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10AC6๐ซ
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10AC7๐ซ
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๋ก๊ณ ๊ทธ๋จ
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10AC8๐ซ
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ํธ์ง
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10AC9๐ซ
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10ACA๐ซ
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10ACB๐ซ
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10ACC๐ซ
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10ACD๐ซ
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10ACE๐ซ
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10ACF๐ซ
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10AD0๐ซ
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10AD1๐ซ
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10AD2๐ซ
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10AD3๐ซ
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10AD4๐ซ
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10AD5๐ซ
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10AD6๐ซ
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10AD7๐ซ
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10AD8๐ซ
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10AD9๐ซ
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10ADA๐ซ
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10ADB๐ซ
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10ADC๐ซ
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10ADD๐ซ
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10ADE๐ซ
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10ADF๐ซ
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10AE0๐ซ
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10AE1๐ซก
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10AE2๐ซข
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10AE3๐ซฃ
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10AE4๐ซค
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๋งํฌ ๊ฒฐํฉ
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10AE5๐ซฅ
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10AE6๐ซฆ
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10AE7
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10AE8
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10AE9
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10AEA
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๋ฒํธ
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10AEB๐ซซ
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10AEC๐ซฌ
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10AED๐ซญ
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10AEE๐ซฎ
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10AEF๐ซฏ
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๊ตฌ๋
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10AF0๐ซฐ
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10AF1๐ซฑ
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10AF2๐ซฒ
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10AF3๐ซณ
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10AF4๐ซด
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10AF5๐ซต
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10AF6๐ซถ
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10AF7
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10AF8
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10AF9
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10AFA
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10AFB
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10AFC
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10AFD
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10AFE
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10AFF
๋ฌธ์ ํ
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๐ซ10AC0
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๐ซ10AC1
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๐ซ10AC2
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๐ซ10AC3
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๐ซ10AC4
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๐ซ10AC5
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๐ซ10AC6
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๐ซ10AC7
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๐ซ10AC8
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๐ซ10AC9
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๐ซ10ACA
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๐ซ10ACB
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๐ซ10ACC
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๐ซ10ACD
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๐ซ10ACE
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๐ซ10ACF
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๐ซ10AD0
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๐ซ10AD1
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๐ซ10AD2
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๐ซ10AD3
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๐ซ10AD4
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๐ซ10AD5
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๐ซ10AD6
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๐ซ10AD7
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๐ซ10AD8
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๐ซ10AD9
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๐ซ10ADA
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๐ซ10ADB
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๐ซ10ADC
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๐ซ10ADD
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๐ซ10ADE
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๐ซ10ADF
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๐ซ10AE0
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๐ซก10AE1
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๐ซข10AE2
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๐ซฃ10AE3
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๐ซค10AE4
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๐ซฅ10AE5
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๐ซฆ10AE6
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10AE7
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10AE8
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10AE9
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10AEA
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๐ซซ10AEB
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๐ซฌ10AEC
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๐ซญ10AED
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๐ซฎ10AEE
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๐ซฏ10AEF
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๐ซฐ10AF0
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๐ซฑ10AF1
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๐ซฒ10AF2
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๐ซณ10AF3
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๐ซด10AF4
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๐ซต10AF5
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๐ซถ10AF6
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10AF7
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10AF8
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10AF9
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10AFA
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10AFB
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10AFC
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10AFD
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10AFE
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10AFF