Mathematical Operators
The Unicode Standard encodes almost all standard characters used in mathematics. Unicode Technical Report #25 provides comprehensive information about the character repertoire, their properties, and guidelines for implementation. Mathematical operators and symbols are situated in multiple Unicode blocks. Some of these blocks are dedicated to, or primarily contain, mathematical characters while others are a mix of mathematical and non-mathematical characters. This article covers all Unicode characters with a derived property of “Math”.
At least 6 Unicode blocks contain special mathematical symbols. Mathematical Operators2200–22FF , Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-A27C0–27EF , Miscellaneous Mathematical Symbols-B2980–29FF , Supplemental Mathematical Operators2A00–2AFF , Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols1D400–1D7FF , Arabic Mathematical Alphabetic Symbols1EE00–1EEFF .
Math symbols are basically a set of graphic signs which serve for writing down math ideas and terms. Different cultures used to have their own symbols for such operations. Some, still do. However, in modern times the unified international system is more popular. It has been developing historically, like any native language. A lot of symbols were borrowed from other alphabets.
In order to write numbers, Arabic digits are used. As a rule, the decimal system is applied. By the way, Unicode employs the hexadecimal one. Apart from numbers, letters are used too, mostly Greek and Latin. Not only the register matters, but the way of writing too (font).
A small part of math symbols (mostly related to measurements) is included in the standard ISO 31-11. But, in general, there are no unified rules for designation. The multiplication sign can be written either as a dot ∙ , or a star U+002A or even a cross × .
Properties
Range | 2200–22FF |
Characters | 256 |
List of Characters
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Miscellaneous mathematical symbols
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2200∀
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2201∁
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2202∂
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2203∃
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2204∄
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2205∅
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2206∆
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2207∇
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Set membership
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2208∈
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2209∉
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220A∊
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220B∋
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220C∌
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220D∍
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Miscellaneous mathematical symbol
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220E∎
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N-ary operators
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220F∏
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2210∐
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2211∑
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Operators
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2212−
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2213∓
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2214∔
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2215∕
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2216∖
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2217∗
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2218∘
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2219∙
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221A√
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221B∛
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221C∜
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221D∝
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-
Miscellaneous mathematical symbol
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221E∞
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Angles
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221F∟
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2220∠
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2221∡
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2222∢
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Relations
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2223∣
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2224∤
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2225∥
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2226∦
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Logical and set operators
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2227∧
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2228∨
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2229∩
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222A∪
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Integrals
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222B∫
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222C∬
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222D∭
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222E∮
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222F∯
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2230∰
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2231∱
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2232∲
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2233∳
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Miscellaneous mathematical symbols
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2234∴
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2235∵
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Relations
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2236∶
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2237∷
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Operator
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2238∸
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Relation
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2239∹
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Operator
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223A∺
-
-
Relations
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223B∻
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223C∼
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223D∽
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223E∾
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Miscellaneous mathematical symbol
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223F∿
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Operator
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2240≀
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Relations
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2241≁
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2242≂
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2243≃
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2244≄
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2245≅
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2246≆
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2247≇
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2248≈
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2249≉
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224A≊
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224B≋
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224C≌
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224D≍
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224E≎
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224F≏
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2250≐
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2251≑
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2252≒
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2253≓
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2254≔
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2255≕
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2256≖
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2257≗
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2258≘
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2259≙
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225A≚
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225B≛
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225C≜
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225D≝
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225E≞
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225F≟
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2260≠
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2261≡
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2262≢
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2263≣
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2264≤
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2265≥
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2266≦
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2267≧
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2268≨
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2269≩
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226A≪
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226B≫
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226C≬
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226D≭
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226E≮
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226F≯
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2270≰
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2271≱
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2272≲
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2273≳
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2274≴
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2275≵
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2276≶
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2277≷
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2278≸
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2279≹
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227A≺
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227B≻
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227C≼
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227D≽
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227E≾
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227F≿
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2280⊀
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2281⊁
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2282⊂
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2283⊃
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2284⊄
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2285⊅
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2286⊆
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2287⊇
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2288⊈
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2289⊉
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228A⊊
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228B⊋
-
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Operators
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228C⊌
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228D⊍
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228E⊎
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Relations
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228F⊏
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2290⊐
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2291⊑
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2292⊒
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Operators
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2293⊓
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2294⊔
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2295⊕
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2296⊖
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2297⊗
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2298⊘
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2299⊙
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229A⊚
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229B⊛
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229C⊜
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229D⊝
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229E⊞
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229F⊟
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22A0⊠
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22A1⊡
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22A2⊢
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22A3⊣
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Miscellaneous mathematical symbols
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22A4⊤
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22A5⊥
-
-
Relations
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22A6⊦
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22A7⊧
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22A8⊨
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22A9⊩
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22AA⊪
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22AB⊫
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22AC⊬
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22AD⊭
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22AE⊮
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22AF⊯
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22B0⊰
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22B1⊱
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22B2⊲
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22B3⊳
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22B4⊴
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22B5⊵
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22B6⊶
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22B7⊷
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22B8⊸
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22B9⊹
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Operators
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22BA⊺
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22BB⊻
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22BC⊼
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22BD⊽
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Miscellaneous mathematical symbols
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22BE⊾
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22BF⊿
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N-ary operators
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22C0⋀
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22C1⋁
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22C2⋂
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22C3⋃
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Operators
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22C4⋄
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22C5⋅
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22C6⋆
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22C7⋇
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-
Relation
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22C8⋈
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Operators
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22C9⋉
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22CA⋊
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22CB⋋
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22CC⋌
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Relation
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22CD⋍
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Logical operators
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22CE⋎
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22CF⋏
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Relations
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22D0⋐
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22D1⋑
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Operators
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22D2⋒
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22D3⋓
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Relations
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22D4⋔
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22D5⋕
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22D6⋖
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22D7⋗
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22D8⋘
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22D9⋙
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22DA⋚
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22DB⋛
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22DC⋜
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22DD⋝
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22DE⋞
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22DF⋟
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22E0⋠
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22E1⋡
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22E2⋢
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22E3⋣
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22E4⋤
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22E5⋥
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22E6⋦
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22E7⋧
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22E8⋨
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22E9⋩
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22EA⋪
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22EB⋫
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22EC⋬
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22ED⋭
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Matrix ellipses
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22EE⋮
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22EF⋯
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22F0⋰
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22F1⋱
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Relations
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22F2⋲
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22F3⋳
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22F4⋴
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22F5⋵
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22F6⋶
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22F7⋷
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22F8⋸
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22F9⋹
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22FA⋺
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22FB⋻
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22FC⋼
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22FD⋽
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22FE⋾
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22FF⋿
Table of Characters
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∀2200
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∁2201
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∂2202
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∃2203
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∄2204
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∅2205
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∆2206
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∇2207
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∈2208
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∉2209
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∊220A
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∋220B
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∌220C
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∍220D
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∎220E
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∏220F
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∐2210
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∑2211
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−2212
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∓2213
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∔2214
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∕2215
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∖2216
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∗2217
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∘2218
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∙2219
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√221A
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∛221B
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∜221C
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∝221D
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∞221E
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∟221F
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∠2220
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∡2221
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∢2222
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∣2223
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∤2224
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∥2225
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∦2226
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∧2227
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∨2228
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∩2229
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∪222A
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∫222B
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∬222C
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∭222D
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∮222E
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∯222F
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∰2230
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∱2231
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∲2232
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∳2233
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∴2234
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∵2235
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∶2236
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∷2237
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∸2238
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∹2239
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∺223A
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∻223B
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∼223C
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∽223D
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∾223E
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∿223F
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≀2240
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≁2241
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≂2242
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≃2243
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≄2244
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≅2245
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≆2246
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≇2247
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≈2248
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≉2249
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≊224A
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≋224B
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≌224C
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≍224D
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≎224E
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≏224F
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≐2250
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≑2251
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≒2252
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≓2253
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≔2254
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≕2255
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≖2256
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≗2257
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≘2258
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≙2259
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≚225A
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≛225B
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≜225C
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≝225D
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≞225E
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≟225F
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≠2260
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≡2261
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≢2262
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≣2263
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≤2264
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≥2265
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≦2266
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≧2267
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≨2268
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≩2269
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≪226A
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≫226B
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≬226C
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≭226D
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≮226E
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≯226F
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≰2270
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≱2271
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≲2272
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≳2273
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≴2274
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≵2275
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≶2276
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≷2277
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≸2278
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≹2279
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≺227A
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≻227B
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≼227C
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≽227D
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≾227E
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≿227F
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⊀2280
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⊁2281
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⊂2282
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⊃2283
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⊄2284
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⊅2285
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⊆2286
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⊇2287
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⊈2288
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⊉2289
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⊊228A
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⊋228B
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⊌228C
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⊍228D
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⊎228E
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⊏228F
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⊐2290
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⊑2291
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⊒2292
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⊓2293
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⊔2294
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⊕2295
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⊖2296
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⊗2297
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⊘2298
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⊙2299
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⊚229A
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⊛229B
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⊜229C
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⊝229D
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⊞229E
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⊟229F
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⊠22A0
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⊡22A1
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⊢22A2
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⊣22A3
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⊤22A4
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⊥22A5
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⊦22A6
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⊧22A7
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⊨22A8
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⊩22A9
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⊪22AA
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⊫22AB
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⊬22AC
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⊭22AD
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⊮22AE
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⊯22AF
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⊰22B0
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⊱22B1
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⊲22B2
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⊳22B3
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⊴22B4
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⊵22B5
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⊶22B6
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⊷22B7
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⊸22B8
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⊹22B9
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⊺22BA
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⊻22BB
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⊼22BC
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⊽22BD
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⊾22BE
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⊿22BF
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⋀22C0
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⋁22C1
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⋂22C2
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⋃22C3
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⋄22C4
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⋅22C5
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⋆22C6
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⋇22C7
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⋈22C8
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⋉22C9
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⋊22CA
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⋋22CB
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⋌22CC
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⋍22CD
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⋎22CE
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⋏22CF
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⋐22D0
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⋑22D1
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⋒22D2
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⋓22D3
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⋔22D4
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⋕22D5
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⋖22D6
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⋗22D7
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⋘22D8
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⋙22D9
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⋚22DA
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⋛22DB
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⋜22DC
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⋝22DD
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⋞22DE
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⋟22DF
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⋠22E0
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⋡22E1
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⋢22E2
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⋣22E3
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⋤22E4
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⋥22E5
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⋦22E6
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⋧22E7
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⋨22E8
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⋩22E9
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⋪22EA
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⋫22EB
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⋬22EC
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⋭22ED
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⋮22EE
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⋯22EF
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⋰22F0
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⋱22F1
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⋲22F2
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⋳22F3
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⋴22F4
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⋵22F5
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⋶22F6
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⋷22F7
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⋸22F8
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⋹22F9
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⋺22FA
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⋻22FB
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⋼22FC
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⋽22FD
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⋾22FE
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⋿22FF